I-Feline AIDS, eyaziwa ngokomtholampilo ngokuthi i-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV), ingesinye sezifo ezimbi kakhulu nezithule ezingathinta abangani bethu bezilwane. Lesi simo esibangelwa igciwane le-RNA, sifana ne-HIV kubantu, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi I-FIV iqondene ngqo namakati, ngakho ayidluliselwa kwezinye izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kuhlanganise nabantu.
Njenge-HIV, igciwane elingase lihlale emzimbeni wekati elibonakala liphilile iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu zokuqala. Lesi sici sikwenza kube inkinga yezempilo okunzima ukuyibona ngesikhathi ngaphandle kokuhlolwa kwezilwane njalo. Ngezansi, sizochaza ukuthi ungabona kanjani ukuthi umngane wakho wensikazi une-AIDS, izimpawu okufanele uziqaphele, kanye nezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uvimbele futhi welaphe lesi sifo.
Iyini i-AIDS yezilwane?
I-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV) iyi-retrovirus ehlasela amasosha omzimba ekati, ikakhulukazi ama-T cell, kancane kancane elenza buthaka ikhono lalo lokulwa nezifo. Lokhu kwenza amakati atheleleke abe sengozini enkulu yezifo zesibili, njengezifo ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye negciwane kanye nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza.
Kulinganiselwa ukuthi i-FIV ithinta a amaphesenti abalulekile amakati alahlekile, kodwa futhi ingatholakala kumakati afuywayo, ikakhulukazi lawo akwazi ukungena ngaphandle futhi abhekene nokulwa nezinye izilwane ezifuywayo. Okubalulekile, ukudluliselwa kwegciwane kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngokulunywa okujulile, okuchaza ukuthi kungani amakati angamaduna angavamile, avame ukuba nezindawo eziningi futhi ahileleke ezimpini, emathubeni amaningi okuthi alithole.
Izimpawu Zengculaza Emakati
I-AIDS ye-Feline yaziwa njengesifo esithule ngenxa yokuntuleka kwezimpawu ezicacile ezigabeni zayo zokuqala. Njengoba iqhubeka, izimpawu zomtholampilo ziqala ukubonakala kakhulu futhi zingahluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu. Lesi sifo sikhula ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:
- Isigaba esibucayi: Kulesi sigaba, igciwane lisakazeka ngokushesha emzimbeni. Izimpawu zingase zihlanganise imfiva yesikhashana, ukuvuvukala kwama-lymph nodes, ukungakuthandi ukudla, nokunganaki. Nokho, lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile azinakwa.
- Isigaba se-asymptomatic: Lesi yisigaba eside kunazo zonke futhi singahlala iminyaka. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, ikati libonakala liphilile ngokuphelele, kodwa igciwane lisasebenza emzimbeni walo, kancane kancane linciphisa amasosha omzimba.
- Isigaba somtholampilo noma esithuthukisiwe: Kulesi sigaba, amasosha omzimba athinteka kangangokuthi ikati liqala ukubonisa izimpawu ezicacile zokugula. Lokhu kubandakanya:
- Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindiwe: Como amakhaza noma umkhuhlane othatha isikhathi eside ukuphola.
- Izinkinga zomlomo: I-gingivitis, i-stomatitis (ukuvuvukala komlomo) nokuphuma kwamazinyo.
- Ukwehla kwesisindo: Ngenxa yokuntuleka kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokuwohloka okujwayelekile komzimba.
- imfiva ephikelelayo noma okuphindayo.
- Izinkinga zokugaya: Uhudo olungapheli nokuhlanza.
- Izinkinga zokuphefumula: Ukuvuvukala kwemigudu yokuphefumula, ukuphefumula kanzima.
- Ezinye izimpawu ezijwayelekile: Ukudangala, ukukhathala, ukuntuleka kwegazi emzimbeni nokuba sengozini yezifo ezingosomathuba.
Kubalulekile ukuyisa ikati lakho kudokotela wezilwane uma ubona noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu, ngoba, kulesi sigaba, noma yisiphi isifo sesibili singabeka impilo yalo engozini.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-AIDS yezilwane
Ukuthola i-FIV emakati kuhlanganisa ukwenza izivivinyo ezithile. Izindlela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-ELISA: Lokhu kuhlola kulinganisa ubukhona bamasosha omzimba ngokumelene ne-FIV egazini lekati. Iyashesha futhi iyafinyeleleka.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-Western Blot: Kunembile futhi kusetshenziselwe ukuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle etholwe nge-ELISA.
- Ukuhlolwa kwe-PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Ithola ngokuqondile izakhi zofuzo zegciwane futhi iwusizo ikakhulukazi ekuhlonzeni izifo zakamuva.
Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kusetshenziswe uhlelo olufanele lokuphatha oluthuthukisa izinga lempilo yekati.
Ukwelashwa kwe-AIDS yesifo sofuba
Okwamanje, alikho ikhambi eliqinisekile nge-AIDS emakati. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu kanye nokuvimbela izifo zesibili. Ezinye izinyathelo zifaka:
- Imithi elwa namagciwane: Ukwelapha izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane esibili.
- Ama-Antiviral: Eminye imithi eyenzelwe i-HIV kubantu ibonise imiphumela ethembisayo emakatini.
- I-Interferon: Umuthi we-immunomodulatory ongasiza ukuqinisa amasosha omzimba.
- Ukudla okwanele: Ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu okuqinisa ukuzivikela kwekati.
- Ukucindezeleka ukunciphisa: Indawo ezolile nengenazingxabano ibalulekile enhlalakahleni yakho.
Umgomo oyinhloko uwukugcina izinga lempilo elihle isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka.
Ukuvimbela i-AIDS yezilwane
Ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwe-FIV kulula kakhulu kunokulawula isifo uma sesikhona. Izinyathelo ezibalulekile zifaka:
- Nciphisa ikati: Lokhu kunciphisa ukuziphatha kwezindawo kanye namathuba okulwa.
- Gwema ukufinyelela ngaphandle: Ukugcina ikati ngaphakathi endlini kunciphisa ukuthintana nezinye izilwane ezinalesi sifo.
- Lawula indawo yomphakathi: Uma wethula ikati elisha ekhaya, qinisekisa ukuthi alinayo i-FIV ngokuhlola udokotela wezilwane.
- Ungabelani ngezitsha: Qiniseka ukuthi ikati ngalinye linesitsha salo sokudla nesamanzi.
Izici ezibalulekile mayelana ne-VIF
Kubalulekile ukukuqonda lokho ikati elinengculaza yekati lingaphila impilo egcwele nejabulisayo ngokunakekelwa okufanele. Ukuhlolwa njalo kwezilwane, kanye nezinyathelo zokuvimbela kanye nendawo enempilo, kungandisa isikhathi sabo sokuphila. Nakuba lesi sifo singenalo ikhambi, intuthuko emithini yezilwane inikeza amathuluzi okusilawula ngokuphumelelayo.
Ukwazi nge-Feline Immunodeficiency Virus kuyisinyathelo sokuqala sokuvikela isilwane sakho esifuywayo futhi uqinisekise inhlalakahle yaso. Uma unokuthile okusolisayo, ungangabazi ukufuna izeluleko zochwepheshe ukuze unakekele ikati lakho njengomngane wempilo enhle eliyikho.