Umngane wethu othandekayo onezinwele ezinde angahlushwa yizifo eziningi, ezinye zazo eziyingozi kakhulu futhi eziyingozi. Ukuze uzivimbele, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugcina uhlelo lwakhe lokugoma lusesikhathini . Omunye wemigomo ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyinikeze umuthi wokugoma wekati onezinja ezintathu , obhekwa njengesisekelo semithi yokuvimbela ukuqinisekisa impilo ende nenempilo.
Uyini umuthi wokugomela ikati eliyi-trivalent futhi usebenza kanjani?
Umuthi wokugomela ikati one-trivalent (noma kathathu) uwumuthi ohlanganisiwe oqukethe ama-antigen alwa namagciwane amathathu atheleleka kakhulu. Umsebenzi wawo ukukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa kwama -antibodies athile nokwenza kusebenze ukuzivikela kwamangqamuzana, okuvumela amasosha omzimba ekati ukuthi aqaphele futhi aqede igciwane ngaphambi kokuba libangele umonakalo omkhulu.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zale mijovo: imijovo engasebenzi (ebulewe), equkethe amagciwane afile kanye ne-adjuvant, efanelekile kumakati anesifo sokuzivikela komzimba noma abesifazane abakhulelwe; kanye nemijovo ephilayo eguquliwe (i-MLV), esebenzisa amagciwane ancishisiwe ukukhiqiza impendulo eqinile nehlala isikhathi eside, yize kufanele igwenywe ezilwaneni ezinesimiso somzimba sokuzivikela esibuthakathaka.
Yiziphi izifo ezivikelwa yi-trivalent vaccine?
Imithi yokugoma iyisinyathelo sokuvimbela esisebenza kahle kakhulu. Nakuba inganikezi isivikelo esingu-100%, inikeza phakathi kuka -95% no-99% , okuyisilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukugoma kungaba umehluko phakathi kwesilwane esisinda esifweni noma esinqotshwa yiso, njengoba eziningi zalezi zifo zingelapheki futhi zingelashwa kuphela ngezimpawu.
Ngokukhethekile, umuthi wokugomela we-trivalent uvikela ku:
- I-Feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1): Ubhekene ne- i-rhinotracheitis ebangelwa yigciwane lekatiKuthinta kakhulu uhlelo lokuphefumula oluphezulu (ikhala kanye ne-trachea), okubangela ukuthimula, ukuphuma kwempumulo okuqhubekayo, i-conjunctivitis, i-bronchitis, kanye ne-sinusitis. Emakatini akhulelwe, kungabangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, futhi kubi kakhulu kumakati. Kuyigciwane elingahlala lilele. kufihlile emzimbeni futhi ziphinde zivuseleleke ngezikhathi zokucindezeleka.
- I-Feline calicivirus (FCV): Kubangela izifo zokuphefumula futhi kwaziwa ukuthi kubangelwa izilonda zomlomo Izimpawu zifaka phakathi ukuqunjelwa amathe ngokweqile, ukudinwa, amehlo anamanzi, nokulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla, kanye nezimpawu olimini nasezinsinini. Iyakwazi ukumelana kakhulu nendawo ezungezile, ikwazi ukusinda kuze kube yinyanga ezitsheni zokudla.
- UFeline Parvovirus (FPV): Imbangela yalokhu feline panleukopeniaI-leukemia yekati, isifo esithathelwanayo kakhulu nesibulalayo samathumbu, ikakhulukazi emazinyaneni. Sibangela ukuhlanza, i-anorexia, umkhuhlane, isifo sohudo esibi, kanye nokwehla okukhulu kwamangqamuzana amhlophe egazi (i-leukopenia). Uma sithelela ikati elikhulelwe, singadala i-cerebellar hypoplasia ezinsaneni.
Kufanele unikezwe nini umuthi wokugomela i-trivalent?
Iphrothokholi efanele kufanele inqunywe udokotela wezilwane, kodwa lolu hlelo, olusekelwe eziqondisweni ze -WSAVA (World Small Animal Veterinary Association), luvame ukulandelwa :
- Ukugoma okuyinhloko: Umthamo wokuqala unikezwa phakathi Amaviki ayisithupha no-6 yokuphila (ngokwesiko ezinyangeni ezimbili). Kubalulekile ukulinda kuze kube yilapho ikati selilunyuliwe. ulunyuliwengoba ama-antibodies omama asebisini lwebele angawuqeda umuthi wokugoma.
- Ukuqinisa kokuqala: Umthamo uphindaphindwa njalo 3 noma 4 amaviki (nge-booster evame ukunikezwa ezinyangeni ezintathu) kuze kube yilapho injana ifinyelela cishe amasonto ayi-16-20 ubudala. Kulezi zinsuku, amasosha omzimba asengozini enkulu, futhi amagciwane ayingozi kakhulu angawulimaza kakhulu.
- Umthamo wokuhlanganisa: Kunconywa ukuqinisa okwengeziwe phakathi Izinyanga ezi-6 nezine okudala.
- Isondlo Ngemuva kwalokho, ukugoma kabusha kwenziwa njalo I-1 eminyakeni engu-3Kuye ngengozi yokuchayeka, indlela yokuphila yekati, kanye nemithetho yendawo.
Uma sesamukele ikati elidala futhi singazi umlando walo wokugoma, umthamo wokuqala uvame ukunikezwa, kulandelwe i-booster ezinsukwini ezingu-14-15 kamuva (noma emavikini angu-3-4 kamuva, kuye ngokwahlulela komtholampilo). Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kokugoma akuvamile ukwenziwa ngoba amathuba okuba nomphumela omuhle ngaphambi kokugoma aphansi.
Izinto ezicatshangelwayo zezokwelapha kanye nokuphathwa kobungcweti
Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka nokugoma, udokotela wezilwane kumele enze ukuhlolwa okuphelele kwezokwelapha . Akukhuthazwa ukugoma izilwane eziba nomkhuhlane, izifo ezisebenzayo, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, noma ukucindezeleka kwamasosha omzimba (njengasezimweni ze -FIV noma i-FeLV ).
Indlela yokunikeza umuthi ingaphansi kwesikhumba , ngokuvamile ohlangothini olukude lwesifuba. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle, umuthi wokugoma kumele ugcinwe efrijini phakathi kuka -2 no-8°C , uvikelwe elangeni, futhi ungalokothi uqandiswe.
Imiphumela emibi engaba khona kanye nokunakekelwa kwangemva kokwelashwa
Amakati amaningi abekezelela umuthi wokugoma ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kodwa kungase kwenzeke ukusabela okuncane nokwesikhashana:
- Ukusabela kwendawo: Ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, ukuqothuka kwezinwele, noma iqhubu elincane endaweni yomjovo. Kunconywa ukuthi Umthetho we-3-2-1Xhumana nodokotela wezilwane uma iqhubu lihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezintathu, lingaphezu kwama-2 cm, noma likhula ngemva kwenyanga eyodwa.
- Ukusabela okuhlelekile: Ukudinwa, umkhuhlane omncane, ubuthakathaka noma ukuncipha kwesifiso sokudla emahoreni okuqala angu-24-48.
- Ukusabela okukhulu: Nakuba kungavamile, kungenzeka anaphylaxisNgakho-ke, kubalulekile ukubheka ikati imizuzu engama-30 ngemuva kokufaka.
Ngemva kokugonywa, nikeza ikati lakho indawo ezolile , gwema ukudlala kanzima, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi linamanzi ahlanzekile. Uma ubona ukuhlanza okuphindaphindiwe, ubunzima bokuphefumula, noma ukuvuvukala kobuso, xhumana nodokotela wezilwane ngokushesha.
Umehluko phakathi kwe-trivalent, i-tetravalent kanye neminye imithi yokugoma
Kuvamile ukudideka amagama. Nakuba umuthi wokugomela we-trivalent uvikela i-rhinotracheitis, i-calicivirus, kanye ne-panleukopenia, umuthi wokugomela we-tetravalent wengeza isivikelo sesine, esivame ukuba sivikele igciwane le-leukemia yekati (i-FeLV) , yize lokhu kungahluka kuye ngohlobo lomkhiqizo.
Umuthi wokugomela i-leukemia yekati ubalulekile kumakati aphuma ngaphandle noma ahlala emakoloni. Kukhona futhi umuthi wokugomela i-rabies , okuyimpoqo kwezinye izindawo futhi obalulekile ekuhambeni kwamanye amazwe.
Ngisho noma ikati lakho lingaphakathi endlini kuphela futhi lingalokothi liphume ngaphandle, awukwazi ukuqaphela kakhulu. Amagciwane amaningi angangena endlini ngezingubo noma izicathulo zabanikazi, ngakho-ke ukugoma kusabalulekile. Ukugoma ngobuningi akuvikeli nje kuphela ikati ngalinye kodwa futhi kunciphisa ukugeleza kwegciwane kuwo wonke amakati.
Ukugcina isimiso sokugoma sisesikhathini, kanye nokudla okulinganiselayo kanye nokukhipha izikelemu njalo, kuyisisekelo sesilwane sakho ukuthi sijabulele impilo enhle futhi sigweme izindleko zezilwane ezingalindelekile zezifo ezingavinjelwa ngokuphelele.