Ingabe ikati lakho liphuma igazi ekhaleni? Kunezizathu eziningi ezenza ikati libe nomopho ekhaleni: kusukela ekuqhumeni okulula kuya kokuthile okungathi sÃna kakhulu, njengokugwinya ubuthi noma ngisho nezinhlobo ezithile zomdlavuza , ngakho-ke noma kunjalo, ukuvakashela udokotela wezilwane kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kwezokwelapha zezilwane, lokhu kuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni kwaziwa ngokuthi i-epistaxis . Akubhekwe njengesifo ngokwako, kodwa kunalokho kuyisibonakaliso esibonisa ukuthi kukhona okwenzekayo ekhaleni, ekhaleni, e-nasopharynx (ingxenye engenhla yomphimbo exhuma ekhaleni), noma ngisho nakwezinye izindawo emzimbeni, njengasegazini noma ezithweni zangaphakathi . Ukuqonda lesi sibonakaliso kubalulekile ukuze usheshe uthathe isinyathelo.
Ake sifunde kabanzi ngokuphuma kwegazi emakatini, izimbangela zawo ezingaba khona, lokho ongakwenza ekhaya njengosizo lokuqala, nokuthi udokotela wezilwane uwaxilonga futhi awaphathe kanjani.
Kungani ikati lami liphuma igazi ngamakhala?
Ikhala lekati lingopha igazi ngenxa yezizathu zendawo (ekhaleni kuphela) noma ngenxa yezizathu zomzimba (izinkinga zokujiya kwegazi, izifo zomzimba, ubuthi, njll.). Ukopha ekhaleni kuyisibonakaliso esiyisixwayiso futhi kufanele kuhlolwe njalo ngudokotela wezilwane, noma ngabe imbangela incane.
Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu (umfutho wegazi ophakeme). Kungabangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi emincane engaphakathi kwekhala iqhume futhi yophe igazi, ngezinye izikhathi iphindaphindwe noma ihambisane nezinye izimpawu ezifana nokuvuleka kwamehlo noma ubumpumputhe obungazelelwe.
- Ama-tumors ekhaleni noma endaweni yogebhezi, ikakhulukazi emakatini anekhala elimhlophe (ulwazi oluthe xaxaZingalimaza ubuso futhi zibangele ukuthimula okunegazi noma ukuphuma kwamanzi ekhaleni okungapheli.
- Ukungenisa ubuthi, njengemithi yokubulala amagciwane. Ubuthi obuningi buphazamisa ukujiya kwegazi futhi bubangele ukuphuma kwegazi ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba, okuhlanganisa nekhala (Okufanele ukwenze uma ikati lakho lifakwe ubuthi).
- Izimuncagazi ezithinta imigudu yamakhala noma uhlelo lokujikeleza kwegazi.
- Ukutheleleka ngomlomoamathumba noma izinqubo zamazinyo ezixhumana nomgodi wamakhala.
- ukuhlukumezeka ngenxa yokulwa, ukuwa, noma ukushayisana okulimaza imithambo yegazi noma amathambo ekhala.
- Imizimba eyinqaba (amabele, imbewu noma izinto) ezihlala emgodini wamakhala, okubangela ukuthimula okukhulu nokopha igazi.
Ezinye izimbangela zokuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni okufanele uzazi
Ngaphezu kwalokhu okungenhla, ukuphuma kwegazi emakhaleni kungenzeka ngenxa yalokhu okulandelayo:
- Izifo ezingenhla zokuphefumula (amagciwane, amabhaktheriya, isikhunta).
- Ukwehluleka kwesibindi, okunciphisa ukwakheka kwezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi.
- izifo ezibangelwa amagciwane njenge-FeLV noma i-FIV, ezithinta umongo wamathambo kanye nokujiya kwegazi.
- Izinkinga zomnkantsha wamathambo kanye nama-platelet, okuhlanganisa namacala e-thrombocytopenia.
- Izinkinga zokopha ezibangelwa yifa (nakuba kungavamile kangako).
- Ukusabela kwezidakamizwa (imithi ethile yokulwa nokuvuvukala, imithi yamakhemikhali, i-methimazole, amanye ama-antibiotic, ama-estrogen, njll.).
- Ukutheleleka okujulile kwesikhunta ezibhubhisa izicubu kanye nemithambo yamakhala.
Ngakho-ke, uma ubhekene nekati elinegazi ekhaleni, umgomo awukona nje ukuvimba ukuphuma kwegazi, kodwa ukuthola imbangela yangempela ukuze kwelashwe futhi kuvinjelwe ukuphindaphinda noma izinkinga.
Kunini lapho ukuphuma kwegazi emakatini kuba kubi kakhulu?
Kufanele ukubheke njengesimo esiphuthumayo sezilwane bese uhamba ngokushesha okukhulu uma ubona:
- Ukopha okuvela impumulo eyodwa (egxile kakhulu ezinkingeni zendawo) noma bobabili (kungabonisa inkinga yesistimu).
- Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla noma ukusebenzisa amanzi ngokweqile.
- Imikhuba emibi noma ukwehla okuphawulekayo.
- Amaqhubu, amanxeba noma ukukhubazeka kwebhuloho lamakhala.
- Ukopha okuvela njalo noma uma kungokokuqala kwenzeka.
- Umoya omubi kakhulu, okungase kube uphawu lokutheleleka komlomo okujulile.
- Ukuthimula, uketshezi oluphuma emathunjini, noma ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Umkhuhlane, ukuphefumula okusheshayo, noma ulwelwesi olushisayo lwamafinyila.
- Uma ikati Letha izidladla zakho ekhaleni lakho ngokuphoqa noma ngokunikina ikhanda (okungenzeka kube umzimba wangaphandle).
Funa usizo oluphuthumayo lwezokwelapha uma kukhona ukopha okukhulu, ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukuklwebheka, indle emnyama, noma ukuhlanza igazi (kungenzeka ukuthi igazi ligwinyiwe).
Yini okufanele ngiyenze uma ikati lami liphuma igazi ekhaleni ekhaya?
Uze ufike emtholampilo, sebenzisa lezi zindlela zosizo lokuqala ngokuthula ngaphandle kokubangela ukucindezeleka okwengeziwe esilwaneni:
- Gcina ikati lizolileInjabulo inyusa umfutho wegazi futhi ingakhuphula ukopha. Khuluma kancane futhi ugweme ukunyakaza okungazelelwe.
- Uma ungakwazi, beka eyodwa isikhwama seqhwa esisongwe ngendwangu Faka ekhaleni, ngaphandle kokuvimba imigudu yokuphefumula. Umkhuhlane uyasiza ekuminyaniseni imithambo yegazi.
- Ungangeni ukotini, amaduku noma izinto ngaphakathi komgodi wamakhala; kungenza ukulimala kube kubi kakhulu futhi kubangele ukuthimula okukhulu.
- Ungaphathi imithi ethengiswa ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotelaikakhulukazi imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kubantu.
- Njengesinyathelo esisebenzayo, beka i- i-gauze ehlanzekile futhi usebenzise Faka ukucindezela okuncane imizuzu emi-5 ngaphezu kwendawo engaphandle yekhala, ngaphandle kokuvimba ngokuphelele ukuphefumula.
Uma ukopha kuqhubeka ngemva kwaleso sikhathi, noma uma kunezimpawu ezifana nokuthimula njalo, umkhuhlane, ukuxhuzula, ukuphelelwa yisifiso sokudla, noma izinkinga zokuphefumula, yisa ikati kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha.
Udokotela wezilwane uhlonza kanjani umuntu ophuma igazi ekhaleni?
Umtholampilo uzoqala ngomlando wezokwelapha oningiliziwe (imithi yakamuva, ukufinyelela ubuthi, ukushaywa, ukubanjwa kwamagundane, izimpawu ezihlobene, njll.) kanye nokuhlolwa okuphelele ngokomzimba (ubuso, ibhuloho lamakhala, amehlo, izinsini, ukuba khona kokulimala).
Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungafaka:
- Ukubalwa kwegazi ukuthola i-anemia, ukutheleleka, noma ukungasebenzi kahle kweplatelet.
- I-biochemistry ye-serum ukuhlola ukusebenza kwesibindi nezinso.
- I-Urinalysis ngezimpawu ezihambisana nezifo zesistimu.
- Ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwemithambo yegazi ukuhlola i-hemostasis.
- Ama-X-ray ugebhezi nesifuba ukuze kubhekwe ukuthi kukhona izigaxa, amanxeba aphukile, noma izimpawu zokopha ngaphakathi.
- Isilinganiso somfutho wegazinjengoba umfutho wegazi ophakeme uyimbangela evamile ye-epistaxis.
- I-nasal swab noma i-culture ukuhlonza izinto ezibangela izifo.
Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, i-rhinoscopy , i-biopsies , izifundo zomnkantsha wamathambo, i-computed tomography noma i-magnetic resonance imaging kungadingeka , ikakhulukazi uma kusolwa ukuthi kunezimila noma izinkinga ezijulile.
Ukwelashwa kokuphuma kwamakhala emakhaleni emakati
Ukwelashwa kuncike embangela . Okokuqala, isiguli siyaqina futhi ukopha kuyalawulwa, bese kwelashwa isifo esiyisisekelo. Izinketho zifaka:
- Ama-Antiparasitics uma kukhona ukutheleleka kwezinambuzane.
- Ama-antibiotic ukutheleleka ngamagciwane.
- Ukuhlinzwa ukususa izidumbu zangaphandle, ukuqeda ama-polyp, noma ukwelapha izimila.
- Ukupompa kwesisu noma ukukhishwa kobuthi emzimbeni ezimweni zobuthi.
- Ukufakelwa igazi ukuhlolwa kwegazi uma kukhona i-anemia enzima noma i-coagulopathies enkulu.
- Ukwelashwa kwesibindi uma isifo sesibindi sithinta ukujiya kwegazi.
- Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali noma ngemisebe emathunjini akhethiwe.
- Izidakamizwa ze-antihypertensive lapho umfutho wegazi ophakeme ubangela ukopha.
Ezimweni zokopha okukhulu, udokotela wezilwane angagcina ikati liphumule emtholampilo ukuze kukhuthazwe ukujiya kwamalungu omzimba. Ekhaya, ngemva kokuphuma esikhumbeni, gwema ukudlala kabi kanye nokujabula okungase kubangele ezinye izigameko. Ezimweni ezithile, imithi yokudambisa imithambo yegazi noma izifutho zamakhala zingasetshenziswa ngaphansi kokuqashwa kochwepheshe.
Ukuvimbela nokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke kwamakati avame ukopha ekhaleni
Amakati aphuma ngaphandle asengozini enkulu yokulimala kanye nokufaka ubuthi. Kunconywa ukuthi anciphise ukuphuma kwawo emini (ukugwema ubusuku, lapho ematasa kakhulu) futhi athathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela:
- Gcina ukuqeda izikelemu ngaphakathi nangaphandle nsuku zonke njengoba kuyalelwe udokotela wezilwane.
- Gwema noma unciphise ukusetshenziswa kwe ubuthi bamagundane kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane ezindaweni ezifinyeleleka kalula yikati.
- Buyekeza ngezikhathi ezithile umlomo nekhala, ikakhulukazi kumakati amadala, afuna umoya onukayo, ukuvuvukala, noma uketshezi olungavamile.
- Njalo thintana nodokotela wezilwane ngaphambi kokumnika noma yimuphi umuthi, okuhlanganisa nemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala kubantu.
- Landela buyekeza uhlelo kanye nemithi emakatini atholakale enomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma ezinye izifo ezingamahlalakhona.
Uma ubona noma yikuphi ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni, thatha isilwane sakho usiyise kudokotela wezilwane: uma imbangela isheshe itholakale, amathuba okululama maningi futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezinkulu.