Ukukhulelwa kwamakati, njengakwezinye izilwane ezincelisayo, kufinyelela umvuthwandaba ngokuzala, isenzakalo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesikhethekile lapho amahomoni kamama kanye ne-fetus Bahlanganyela ukuze baqale ukuxoshwa kwamakati. Ukukhulelwa kwamakati kuthatha cishe izinsuku ezingu-65, nakuba kungase kuhluke kuye ngokuthi hlobo luni kanye nenani lezingane ezikhulelwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, ukuzalwa kwekati kudlula ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, kunezimo lapho kudingeka khona ukungenelela kodokotela wezilwane, kungaba ngosizo lwezandla noma lwemithi noma ngosizo lohlobo oluthile lwemishini. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, isigaba sokuhlinzwa siyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusinda kokubili komama namakati.
Siyini isigaba se-cesarean?
Ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa okubandakanya ukukhipha amakati ngokusebenzisa a ukusikwa odongeni lwesisu kanye nesibeletho sikamama. Le nqubo yenziwa lapho ukuzalwa ngokwemvelo kungenakwenzeka noma kungabeka impilo kamama noma imidlwane engcupheni.
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezigaba zokuhlinzwa emakati: ukuvimbela kanye nokwelapha. Izinyathelo zokuvimbela zihlelelwe uma kulindeleke ukuthi ukuzalwa kuyoba nzima, noma ngenxa yobukhulu obukhulu benzalo, izinkinga ze-anatomical kamama noma umlando wokuzalwa okunzima (dystocias). Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukwelashwa kokwelapha kwenziwa ngezimo eziphuthumayo lapho kunezinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha.
Izinkomba zokwenza isigaba sokuhlinzwa
Kunezimo ezimbalwa lapho kungadingeka khona isigaba sokuhlinzwa ekatini:
- I-Fetal dystocia: lapho ama-fetus emakhulu kakhulu noma esesimweni esibi, okuvimbela ukuphuma kwawo ngomgudu wokuzalwa.
- I-Inertia yesibeletho: lapho isibeletho sekati singenawo amandla noma ukufinyela okudingekayo ukuze kuxoshwe ama-fetus, ngokuyinhloko (kusukela ekuqaleni) noma okwesibili (ngemuva kokuthi ukufinyela kuqale kodwa kuyeka).
- Izinkinga ze-anatomical: Kwamanye amakati, ukukhubazeka noma izinguquko emgodini wokuzalwa kungenza ukuzalwa kwemvelo kungenzeki noma kube yingozi.
- Ama-fetus afile noma izinkinga ezinama-fetus: Uma kunezingane ezifile, kuyadingeka ukungenelela ngokuhlinzwa ukuze ugweme izifo futhi ulondoloze ama-fetus asele.
Izigaba zokuzalwa emakati
Ukuze uqonde lapho ikati lidinga isigaba sokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukwazi izigaba zokuzalwa kwemvelo. Ngokuvamile, ukuzalwa kwamakati kuhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu:
- Isigaba sokunwetshwa: Phakathi nalesi sigaba, umlomo wesibeletho uyavuleka. Lesi sigaba singahlala kusukela emahoreni ambalwa kuya osukwini olugcwele kumakati okuqala. Ikati lingase libonakale lingaphumuli, lime ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, futhi libheke indawo ethulile ukuze lizalele.
- Ukuxoshwa kwamakati: Lapho ukuxoshwa kwengane kuqala, umama uthola ukufinyela okunamandla. Ikati yokuqala kufanele izalwe emahoreni amabili kuya kwamane ngemva kokuqala kokufinyela. Uma isikhawu phakathi kokubeletha sikhulu kunamahora amabili, kufanele sithathwe njengophawu lwe-alamu.
- Ukususwa kwe-placenta: Ngemva kokuzalwa kwekati ngalinye, umama kufanele akhiphe i-placenta yakhe. Kubalulekile ukubala i-placenta ukuze ugweme izifo noma izinkinga zangemva kokubeletha.
Ukunakekelwa ngesikhathi nangemva kokuhlinzwa
Lapho ukuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa, kokubili umama kanye nezinyane lekati badinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi baphila kahle.
Endabeni kamama, izinga lokushisa lakhe nezimpawu ezibalulekile zibhekwa, futhi isilonda sokuhlinzwa siyanakekelwa ukuze kugwenywe izifo. Ikati kufanele liphumule ezinsukwini zokuqala emva kokuhlinzwa, futhi kunconywa ukuhlanza isilonda futhi uqinisekise ukuthi somile futhi asinazo izimfihlo. Uma ikati linomkhuhlane, kufanele liyiswe kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha.
Kubalulekile futhi ukuqapha amakati. Njengoba umama ebulewe izinzwa, angase ozele phakathi namahora okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa. Kwezinye izimo, kuyadingeka ukuba abanikazi basize izingane ezisanda kuzalwa zincelise kuze kube yilapho umama eseluleme ngokugcwele.
Ukuphola kwesilonda ngokuhlinzwa
Imithungo eyenziwa ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ingaba ngaphandle noma yangaphakathi, kuye ngohlobo lwento esetshenzisiwe. Ama-sutures angaphakathi ngokuvamile ayasebenziseka, okusho ukuthi awadingi ukususwa. Endabeni ye-sutures yangaphandle, lezi kufanele zisuswe phakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-10 neziyi-14 ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
Kubalulekile ukuhlola izibazi njalo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi azikho izifo nokuthi isilonda saphola ngendlela efanele. Amakati kufanele avinjwe ukuthi angacindezeli isilonda ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, ngakho ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wezilwane angase asikisele ukusetshenziswa kokuncelisa ibele okwenziwa phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Ukunakekela amakati ngemva kokuhlinzwa
Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, amakati adinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, ikakhulukazi uma umama esalulama ekubulaweni kwezinzwa. Lokhu kunakekelwa kuhlanganisa ukubasiza ukuba bancelise kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuthi bafudumele, kusukela amakati asanda kuzalwa Abakwazi ukulawula izinga lokushisa lomzimba wabo.
Uma umama engalukhiqizi ubisi olwanele, umnikazi wawo angaphakela amakati ngefomula ekhethekile. Akufanele nanini zinikezwe ubisi lwenkomo noma enye into engakhelwanga izinkomo, njengoba kungase kubangele izinkinga zokugaya ukudla. Udokotela wezilwane angancoma imvamisa kanye nenani lokuphakelwa.
Izimpawu zenkinga emazinyaneni
Kubalulekile ukuqapha kahle amakati phakathi nezinsuku zokuqala zokuphila. Uma ama-kittens ekhala kakhulu, angaxhumi kahle engonweni kamama, noma abonakale ebuthakathaka, kuyadingeka ukuya kudokotela wezilwane. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise izinkinga ngokukhiqizwa kobisi lwebele, izifo, noma izinkinga zokugaya ukudla okudingeka zilashwe ngokushesha.
Izinkinga zesigaba sangemva kokuhlinzwa emakati
Nakuba izigaba ze-C ziyizindlela zokungenelela ezivamile ekwelashweni kwezilwane, kuhlale kunengozi yezinkinga zangemva kokuhlinzwa kubo bobabili umama kanye namakati.
Ezinye izinkinga zihlanganisa:
- Amagciwane: Noma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa kunengozi yokutheleleka. Uma ubona ubomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukukhishwa kwe-purulent noma iphunga elibi esilondeni, kufanele uye kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha.
- I-Mastitis: Ukuvuvukala kwezindlala zokubeletha zekati ngenxa yokutheleleka. Izimpawu ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amabele abomvu, abuhlungu, aqinile. Uma ingelashwa ngesikhathi, ingaba nomthelela empilweni kamama namakati.
Izincomo ezijwayelekile
Kubalulekile ukuthi amakati agcinwe endaweni ethule, eyomile futhi efudumele ngemva kwesigaba sokuhlinzwa. Ezinsukwini zokuqala, ukuqapha njalo komama kanye nemidlwane kuyadingeka ukuze kutholakale noma yikuphi ukungahambi kahle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukunikeza ikati ukudla okwanele kubalulekile. Ngesikhathi sokuncelisa, isidingo sikamama sokudla okunempilo sikhuphuka kakhulu, ngakho-ke kungcono ukunikeza ukudla kwakhe okucebile ngama-kilojoule namaprotheni, njengokudla okukhethekile kwamakati abancelisayo.
Mayelana namakati, kubalulekile ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi wonke ancela ngendlela efanele. Uma kungenjalo, ungakhetha i- ukudla okwenziwa ngefomula eyenzelwe izinyamazane.
Ukuya kudokotela wezilwane uyohlolwa ngezikhathi ezithile emasontweni okuqala ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjelwe noma yiziphi izinkinga kumama kanye nemidlwane.
Izingxenye zokuhlinzwa, nakuba zingezona izinqubo ezivamile, zingasindisa ukuphila kwamakati amaningi kanye nezingane zabo lapho ukuzalwa ngokwemvelo kungahambi njengoba kulindelekile. Ukungenelela okufika ngesikhathi kukadokotela wezilwane, kanye nokunakekelwa okufanele kwangemva kokuhlinzwa, kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukululama kukamama kanye nokuphila kahle kwengane yakhe. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukunaka izimpawu zezinkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha futhi ungangabazi ukuya kudokotela wezilwane uma kunesidingo.