Enye yezinkinga ezinkulu amakati angabhekana nazo ukwehluleka kwezinso , okuwukungakwazi kwezinso ukusebenza kahle. Cishe zonke izilwane zingaba nalesi simo, ngakho-ke uma ubona abangane bakho abanoboya bethambile futhi bechama kakhulu kunokujwayelekile , sekuyisikhathi sokukhathazeka.
Uma kutholakala ukuthi unesifo ngokushesha, ukwelashwa kusebenza kahle futhi ikati lingalulama ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, sichaza konke okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nokwehluleka kwezinso emakatini.
Izimpawu zokuhluleka kwezinso emakati
Ukwehluleka kwezinso kuyisifo esingabonakali . Ngesikhathi izimpawu zokuqala zivela, ngokuvamile ama-75% ezinso asuke esethintekile , okuhlanganisa nekhono lamakati lokufihla ubuhlungu, okwenza lesi simo sibe sibi nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ezincane ekuziphatheni kwesilwane sakho.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu yilezi :
- Nciphisa isifiso sokudla nesisindo: badla kancane kancane.
- Khulisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi: Uma bephuza ngaphezu kokujwayelekile, singaqiniseka ukuthi kukhona okungahambi kahle ngezinso zabo.
- Chama ngaphezu kokujwayelekile: ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi, aya kakhulu ebhokisini lawo lesihlabathi.
- Ukuqhafaza: ukuhlanza kuyisifo sezifo eziningi, kepha uma bekwenza ngezikhathi ezithile kuqala bese beqhubeka kaningi, singasola ukuthi kukhona okwenzekayo kubo.
- Imikhuba emibi: Njengoba lesi sifo siqhubeka, amakati avele angabi nalutho, adabuke futhi awekho esimeni sanoma yini.
- Ukuphefumula okunuka njenge-ammonia y uremic halitosis, okungenzeka kube nesifo sohudo.
- Izinwele ezibuthuntu, ukubukeka kabi nokulahlekelwa kwemisipha.
- Umfutho wegazi ophakeme okungaholela ubumpumputhe obungazelelwe futhi, ngezinye izikhathi, i-edema.
- Ekuqaleni kungase kube khona i-polyuria kanye ne-polydipsia; ezigabeni ezithuthukile, umchamo owehla noma ongekho (oliguria/anuria).
- Esifweni esibuhlungu sezinso: ubuthakathaka obungazelelwe, Ubuhlungu besisuukuhlanza okukhulu, isifo sohudo, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, izimpawu ze-neurological.
Izimbangela nezinhlobo zesifo sezinso (acute futhi esingamahlalakhona)
Ukwehluleka kwezinso kungaba yinto ebukhali (eqala ngokushesha, emahoreni noma ezinsukwini) noma engapheli (eqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi). Ukuthola imbangela yayo kusiza ekuqondiseni ukubikezela kanye nohlelo lokwelashwa.
- Ubuthi: ukungeniswa kwe iminduze neminduze, i-antifreeze (i-ethylene glycol), izibulala-zinambuzane/izibulala-zinambuzane, izinsimbi ezisindayo kanye imithi njenge-ibuprofen noma ezinye izidakamizwa ze-nephrotoxic.
- Ukuhlukumezeka kanye nezithiyo: ukushaywa, ukuwa, ukuphuka kwe-hip noma ukuvinjelwa komchamo ngezibalo.
- Amagciwane kanye nokuvuvukala: I-pyelonephritis noma ezinye izinqubo ezilimaza i-parenchyma yezinso.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi kakhulu emanzini, ukushisa noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo ezinciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kwezinso.
- Isakhi sofuzo kanye nokukhubazeka: izinso ze-polycystic (ezivame ukungena umPheresiya nezinye izinhlanga) kanye nezifo ezithile azalwe nazo.
- Ama-tumors ezithinta ngqo izinso.
- Ukudla okungenakulinganisela, ikakhulukazi ngokweqisa fosforo.
Uhlobo oluphuthumayo ludinga isinyathelo esisheshayo kanye nokuqapha ngokucophelela i -diuresis ; uhlobo olungapheli luvame kakhulu emakati amadala futhi luqhubeka kancane.
Ukuxilongwa kwezilwane kanye nokuhlolwa okubalulekile
Uma kusolwa ukuthi kukhona ubuthi, udokotela wezilwane uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele futhi aqoqe ulwazi mayelana nanoma yibuphi ubuthi obungaba khona, izinguquko ekuziphatheni, kanye nomlando wesiguli. Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi nokuhlola isimo somswakama kubalulekile.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: i-creatinine, i-urea (BUN) kanye I-SDMA ukubona ukulimala kwezinso kusenesikhathi; ukuhlolwa kwe ama-electrolyte (potassium, sodium), phosphorus futhi kungenzeka i-acidosis.
- I-Urinalysis: ukuminyana komchamo (ikhono lokugxilisa ingqondo), amaprotheni, intlenga kanye nesiko uma kusolwa ukutheleleka.
- Imagen: i-ultrasound kanye ne-x-ray ukuze ubone izinguquko zesakhiwo, ukubala noma izithiyo.
Ngale datha, uchwepheshe angahlukanisa lesi simo esebenzisa izindlela ze -IRIS (izigaba I-IV) futhi aklame uhlelo lokuphatha oluqondene nomuntu ngamunye lwekati ngalinye.
Ilashwa kanjani?
Uma amakati akho ebonisa noma yiziphi izimpawu ezishiwo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuwayisa kudokotela wezilwane ukuze athole isampula yomchamo . Lapho, azohlolwa futhi anikezwe ukuhlaziywa okuphelele. Uma lesi sifo sitholakala, udokotela wezilwane uzoncoma ushintsho ekudleni, awanike ukudla okungenayo i-phosphorus nosawoti omningi.
Ezimweni eziphuthumayo, ukwelashwa ngoketshezi olufakwa ngemithambo yegazi kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kulungiswe ukungalingani koketshezi kanye ne-electrolyte , kuqashwe ukuphuma komchamo, futhi kwelashwe imbangela eyinhloko (isb., ubuthi noma ukuvaleka). Ezifweni ezingamahlalakhona, ngaphezu kokudla kwezinso, kusetshenziswa uketshezi olungaphansi kwesikhumba uma kukhona ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni noma ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni okuqhubekayo.
Ukudla okufanelekile kwezinso kuhlinzeka ngamaprotheni asezingeni eliphezulu ngamanani aphakathi, i-phosphorus ephansi (kungenzeka ukuthi kusetshenziswe ama-phosphate binders ), i-sodium ephansi uma kukhona umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ama-carbohydrate amaningi kanye nama-omega-3 fatty acids ukuze kube nomphumela wazo wokuvikela i-nephro.
Kungadingeka ukubanika amavithamini e-B , ama-antioxidants, i-potassium , kanye nama-fatty acid e-omega-3 . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuye ngokuthi kwenzekani, ama-antiemetics kanye nama-gastroprotective agents ayengezwa ukulawula ukuhlanza kanye nesicanucanu, ama-antihypertensive (ama-ACE inhibitors noma ama-ARB) uma kukhona umfutho wegazi ophakeme, ama-antibiotic okutheleleka, ama-analgesic obuhlungu, kanye nokuphathwa kwe- anemia (izithasiselo zensimbi noma i-erythropoietin ngaphansi kokuqashwa kwezilwane).
Ukuqapha njalo ngokuhlolwa kwegazi /umchamo , ukulawulwa komfutho wegazi kanye nokubuyekezwa kwesisindo somzimba kubalulekile ekulungiseni uhlelo lokwelashwa kanye nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo.
Kungavinjelwa?
Yebo, kodwa hhayi ngokuphelele . Ukuzinika ukudla okuseqophelweni eliphezulu , okungenazo okusanhlamvu nemikhiqizo ephuma kukho, kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izitho zazo zisebenza kahle iminyaka eminingi. Kodwa-ke, ukuguga akunakugwenywa, ngakho-ke kuyalulekwa kakhulu ukuthi siyise amakati ethu asebekhulile (aneminyaka engu-8 nangaphezulu) ukuze ayohlolwa minyaka yonke.
- Gcina akufinyeleleki ubuthi obufana neminduze, i-antifreeze, izibulala-zinambuzane nezidakamizwa zabantu.
- Khuthaza hydration ngamanzi ahlanzekile, imithombo kanye nokudla okumanzi kwekhwalithi.
- Vikela ukuzelaphaNoma yimuphi umuthi kufanele unikezwe udokotela wakho wezilwane.
- Lawula i-peso, ingcindezi futhi wenze ukuhlolwa nge umfutho wegazi, i-ultrasound kanye nokuhlolwa uma udokotela wakho wezilwane ekubonisa lokho.
Ukuthola izinguquko ezincane, ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha, nokulandela uhlelo lokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwenza umehluko omkhulu: ngokuxilongwa kusenesikhathi, ukudla okunempilo kwezinso, ukulawula ingcindezi, kanye nokusekelwa kwezimpawu, amakati amaningi anokwehluleka kwezinso angagcina impilo enhle isikhathi eside.
Sithemba ukuthi ukuthole kuwusizo  ..