I-Las amakoloni ezilwane Ziye zaba enye yezinselele ezinkulu zenhlalakahle yezilwane emadolobheni amaningi aseSpain. Ukuba khona kwamakati omphakathi ezindaweni zasemadolobheni akusabhekwana nezixazululo ezithuthukisiwe, kodwa nge izinhlelo zikamasipala kanye nemigomo ethile abafuna ukuvumelanisa ukuvikela kwabo nempilo yomphakathi kanye nokuhlalisana komakhelwane.
Ezinyangeni ezedlule, amanyuvesi, imikhandlu yezifundazwe kanye nemikhandlu yamadolobha Ezweni lonke, izinhlelo ezisekelwe ku- Indlela ye-CER/CES (Shutha, Ukuvala inzalo, futhi Buyisa/Khulula). Lawa maphrojekthi asekelwa yi- Umthetho 7/2023 mayelana nokuvikelwa kwamalungelo ezilwane kanye nenhlalakahle futhi bakha izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisana phakathi kwezikhulu, izinhlangano namavolontiya.
Inyuvesi yaseJaén iguqula ikhampasi yayo ibe yimodeli yokuphatha ikoloni lezinsikazi
La Inyuvesi yaseJaén (UJA) wethule isivumelwano sokuqala se ukuphathwa kwe-feline colony evela e-Las Lagunillas Campus, lapho iqinisa khona isu layo lokusimama nokuzibophezela kwayo inhlonipho ngezilwane ezihlala emagcekeni enyuvesiIsivumelwano sezingxenye ezintathu sisungula iphrothokholi yesenzo ehambisana ne Umthetho 7/2023 futhi isebenzisa indlela ye-CER njengokugxila kwayo okumaphakathi ukulawula inani labantu nempilo yamakati.
Abantu abalandelayo babambe iqhaza kuphrezentheshini: IPhini Lomphathi Wenyuvesi Esimeme Nenempilo, uJuan de Dios Carazo Álvarez; ikhansela loMkhandlu Wedolobha laseJaén elinezibopho Zokuvikeleka Kwezilwane Nezenhlalakahle, Isabel Cano Caballero, kanye nommeleli we Inhlangano Yokuvikela Izilwane kanye nokusebenzisa Indlela ye-CER (PROCERCAT), u-María Luisa Fernández de CórdovaLe trio yesikhungo kanye ne-associative ifanekisela ukuzibophezela kumodeli we ukuphathwa okwabiwe kwamakoloni ezinsikazi.
UCarazo ugcizelele ukuthi i-UJA ayigcini nje ngokuhambisana nomthetho, kodwa ithatha a wanezela ukuzibophezela kokuziphatha: qapha ukuvela kwekoloni, hlaziya umthelela wayo kanye nokuphila kahle, futhi uguqule ikhampasi ibe yindawo isikhala sokuhlalisana nokuhlanganiswa lapho amakati eyingxenye eyaziwayo yemvelo. Lo mbono ubeka inyuvesi njenge uchwepheshe ohamba phambili ekuphathweni kwe-feline kuzilungiselelo zemfundo.
Ikhansela Isabel Cano Ukhumbule ukuthi uMkhandlu weDolobha laseJaén une- Uhlelo lukaMasipala Lokuphathwa Kwamakoloni Ezilwanekugunyazwe kuseshini yomhlangano, okuthatha izindleko zokuvala inzalo, ukuhlonza microchipUkugonywa kwezikelemu kanye nokugonywa okuyimpoqo kufakiwe. Konke lokhu kwenziwa ngokulandela imibandela ye- abasebenzi bakamasipala bezilwaneLokhu kuqinisekisa izindlela zobuchwepheshe ezingaguquki phakathi kwedolobha nekhampasi.
Kusuka ku-PROCERCAT, UMaría Luisa Fernandez Wagcizelela ukuhlonipha izimpilo zamakati omphakathiNgenxa yesivumelwano, a ukudla okulawulwayoUkuhlanzwa njalo kwezindawo zamakoloni kanye nokufinyelela ekunakekelweni kwezilwane ezidingekayo kubalulekile. Le ndlela ivimbela ukungqubuzana, inciphisa izinkinga zezempilo, futhi ithuthukise umbono womphakathi wamakoloni.
Ngemuva kwesimemezelo esisemthethweni, abebehambele lo mcimbi iziteshi ezintsha zokudla kanye nezindawo zokukhosela efakwe ekhempasini. Amakhabethe angaphandle enziwe ngokhuni lukaphayini olulashiwe, anofulelo lwe-asphalt olungangeni manzi, afakiwe, aklanyelwe ukumelana nesimo sezulu futhi anikeze indawo ephephile ku-felines. Lezi zakhi zomzimba ziyingxenye ebalulekile yazo oda ukuba khona kwamakati esimeni senyuvesi.
Le phrojekthi ihlanganisa nokudalwa kwe izindawo zokukhosela ezimakwe kanye nezindawo zokudlanamaphosta anemininingwane achaza imithetho nezinjongo zohlelo. Ukuphathwa kwansuku zonke kuphathwa ngu I-PROCERCAT kanye nabasebenzi bokuzithandela abagunyaziwe, ene- ikhadi lomnakekeli ekhishwe uMkhandlu weDolobha ngemuva kokuthola ukuqeqeshwa okuhambisanayo, ngaleyo ndlela yenze umsebenzi wokunakekela ikoloni.
I-UJA ikhumbuza umphakathi wayo wezemfundo ukuthi kunjalo Ukondla amakati akuvunyelwe. ngabantu abangagunyaziwe, kanye nokuphazamisa izilwane noma ukuphazamisa izindawo ezivalekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ixwayisa ngokuthi ukulahlwa kwekati ekhampasi Lokhu kubhekwa njengecala elibi ngaphansi koMthetho 7/2023 futhi kungaholela ezijezisweni ezibalulekile. Umlayezo ucacile: amakati omphakathi awumthwalo wemfanelo ohlangene, kodwa abaphathi bawo kufanele balandele [imithethonqubo efanele]. Izivumelwano eziqondile kakhulu.
Ngalolu hlelo, iNyuvesi yaseJaén iqinisa ukuhambisana kwayo ne Izinjongo Zokuthuthukiswa Okusimemeikakhulukazi i-SDG 15 (Impilo Emhlabeni) kanye ne-SDG 17 (Ubambiswano Lokuthuthukiswa). Ukuphathwa kwe-coloni ye-feline kuvezwa njengesibonelo sokuthi kanjani ukusebenza kahle ezifundweni, ukusimama kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwane Bangakwazi ukuya phambili bebambene ngezandla.
I-Crevillent ihlanganisa uhlelo lwayo lwe-CES futhi ilawula amakati omphakathi acishe abe ngu-600
Ezingeni likamasipala, I-Crevillent (Alicante) useluthathile uhlelo lwe Ukuphathwa Okudidiyelwe Kwamakoloni Ezilwane (CES) yethulwe umkhandlu wedolobha ngo-2024. Kusukela ngoDisemba, kube khona 204 amakati alahlekile avalwe inzalo ngaphakathi kwalolu hlelo, isibalo esibalulekile sabantu ababhalise izilwane ezingama-596 ekuqaleni.
Ngokwesikhungo sokuphatha uhlelo, bakhona njengamanje 508 amakati omphakathi asebenzayo asatshalaliswa emakoloni alawulwayo. Kulokhu, Izibonelo ezingama-258 sezibanjiweUkwengeza izenzo zohlelo lukamasipala (amakati angama-204) kanye nokuvala inzalo kwangaphambilini okwenziwa izindawo zokukhosela izilwane zendawo kanye nohlelo loMkhandlu WesiFundazwe we-Alicante (amakati angama-54), kusekhona, ngakho-ke, Izilwane ezingama-250 ezilinde ukuvalwa inzalo, okuphawula inhloso elandelayo kamasipala.
Ikhansela Lenhlalakahle Yezilwane, David Amorós CandelaUgqamise ukukhushulwa okunikezwa ohlelweni lokulawula ikoloni ngokuqaliswa kohlelo lwe-TNR (Trap-Neuter-Return). Ngokubona kwakhe, lolu hlelo luvumele ukuthi kuthuthukiswe a isu eliqinile nelihlelekile ukubhekana nokugcwala kwezilwane, ukuhlanganisa ukulawula inani labantu, ukuvikelwa kwamakati kanye nokwenza ngcono izinga lempilo yawo ezindaweni zomphakathi.
U-Amorós ugcizelela ukuthi imodeli ayizuzisi izilwane kuphela, kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ubudlelwano bomakhelwaneNgokulawula izindawo zokudla, ukuqinisekisa inhlanzeko, nokuvikela amakoloni agunyaziwe, izinkathazo kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezihlobene namakoloni angalawuleki ziyancishiswa. Ikhansela ligcizelela ukuthi i-CES iyakuvumela oda ukuba khona kwamakati edolobheni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izindlela ezibulalayo noma eziphelelwe yisikhathi.
Uhlelo lwe-Crevillent luhlanganisa izenzo ezibalulekile ezifana ne- ukuvala inzalo, ukuqeda izikelemu, ukugoma nokuhlonza wamakati omphakathi, kanye nokulawulwa kwamavolontiya agunyaziwe kanye nencazelo iziqondiso zokushayela ezinomthwalo wemfaneloLe nhlanganisela yezinyathelo ibeka isisekelo sokuphatha isikhathi esimaphakathi nesikhathi eside, okuhambisana nemithetho kahulumeni yezenhlalakahle yezilwane.
UMkhandlu Wedolobha uyahlela ukugcina nokuqinisa i-CES phakathi no-2026Ngenhloso yokuqhubeka nokuqhubekisela phambili ukuvikelwa kwezilwane, impilo yomphakathi, kanye nobudlelwano bomphakathi, ukuqhubeka kwesabelomali nepolitiki yohlelo kuthathwa njengento enqumayo ekuhlanganiseni imiphumela ezuziwe kuze kube manje.
Izinhlelo zikamasipala, ukuqeqeshwa kanye nezinsiza ezintsha: UJaén, uCoria, uTres Cantos noHuesca bayahlela
Ngale kwamacala athile afana ne-Crevillent noma i-University of Jaén, abaphathi bendawo abahlukahlukene bakha noma bathuthukisa abo izinhlelo zokuphatha i-feline colony ngokulandela uMthetho 7/2023. Phakathi kwabo, omasipala base Jaén, Coria, Tres Cantos futhi i UMkhandlu Wesifundazwe we-Huesca, abagxile ekuqeqesheni, ekuxhumaneni nasekunikezeni izinsiza.
Edolobheni laseJaén, uMkhandlu weDolobha uhlele i- usuku lokuqeqesha lwabantu abangaphezu kwekhulu abaphethe amakoloni e-felineUmhlangano obubanjelwe e-Darymelia Theatre, uyingxenye yokuqiniswa kwenqubomgomo kamasipala yenhlalakahle yezilwane kanye ne ubuchwepheshe bokunakekelwa kwekati le-feral abahlala edolobheni.
Ikhansela Lokuvikelwa Kwezilwane Nezenhlalakahle, Isabel Cano-CaballeroUkhumbule ukuthi idolobha njengamanje linayo Bangu-145 abantu abagunyazwe ukuphatha amakoloni ayi-123Le nethiwekhi yokubambisana yezakhamuzi ibhekwa njengesekelwe kahle, kodwa ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo kuyisibopho thola noma uvuselele ilayisensi yomphathi sibheke phambili onyakeni ozayo, oqinisekisa ubuncane obujwayelekile bolwazi kanye nezinqubo ezinhle.
Phakathi neseshini, kwabuyekezwa izici ezibalulekile zohlelo lukamasipala olusekelwe endleleni. I-CER (Shutha, Ukuvala inzalo futhi Buyisa)Umkhandlu wedolobha ubheka lokhu njengendlela ephumelela kakhulu nelungile yokulawula inani lezilwane ezihlala ezindaweni zasemadolobheni. Kwethulwa nezinye iziphakamiso. izinsiza ezintsha zokusebenza okuhloswe ngayo ukuthuthukisa izimpilo zansuku zonke zabaphathi kanye noMkhandlu Wedolobha ngokwawo.
Phakathi kwezici ezintsha ezimenyezelwe, ukufakwa kwe amadokodo amasha kanye nezimpawu kuwo wonke amakoloni abhalisiwe, i ukwakhiwa kweqembu likamasipala eligxile ekuthwebuleni izithombe ezoqala ukusebenza kusukela ngo-2026 kanye nokwabiwa kwe- ikhithi yosizo lokuqala lwezilwane eziyisisekelo kubaphathi nabasebenzi bakamasipala. Lokhu okubalulekile kuzosiza ukwelapha izikelemu, ukwelapha okuncane, nezinye izindlela zempilo zokuvikela, njalo ngaphansi kokugadwa kochwepheshe.
Ngasohlangothini lwezomnotho, ukhansela wesifazane uchaze ukuthi isabelomali senhlalakahle yezilwane sinyukile 15.000 kuya ku-95.000 euros kusukela ngoJanuwari, okusho ukunyuka kwama-600%. Lokhu kukhuphuka kuzovumela ukwenza umsebenzi wokuphatha amakoloni, ithuthukise izinsiza ezitholakalayo futhi iqinisekise imodeli eqhubekayo ecabangela kokubili izilwane nomakhelwane.
UCano-Caballero naye ubefuna ukwazisa iqhaza lika amavolontiya, izinhlangano zokuvikela izilwane kanye nemitholampilo yezilwane ababambisene nohlelo lukamasipala. Ngenxa yokuzibandakanya kwabo, ukulawulwa kokuziphatha kwe-feline kungagcinwa, impilo yomphakathi ingaqiniswa, futhi kungaqinisekiswa ukuthi amakati asemgwaqweni athola ukunakekelwa okudingekayo.
Edolobheni laseCáceres CoriaUMkhandlu Wedolobha usumemezele ukwethulwa okuzayo kwe- I-Feline Colony Management Plan Idizayinelwe ukuthobela uMthetho 7/2023 futhi ithuthukise ukuphilisana phakathi kwezakhamuzi namakati omphakathi endaweni yasedolobheni. Ikhansela lezeMvelo, UJuan José Alcón Gazapo, igqamisa ukuthi lo mbhalo umele a ukugxuma kwekhwalithi ekuphatheni okunomthwalo wemfanelo zamakoloni kumasipala.
Lolu hlelo luzosungula imodeli ebanzi esekelwe ezimisweni zokuziphatha kanye nempilo, kanye naphezu kwe ukuxhumana nezinhlangano ezivikela izilwanePhakathi kwezinjongo zayo eziyinhloko ukusetshenziswa okubalulekile kwendlela ye-CER yokulawula inani labantu, i ukuhlonza nokubhaliswa kwawo wonke amakoloni kanye nabanakekeli babo, kanye nokulawulwa kokudla ngenqubo yomthetho echaza izindawo eziqokiwe kanye nemihlahlandlela yokuhlinzeka, ukuze gcina inhlanzeko yasemadolobheni futhi ugweme ukungakhululeki.
Lo mbhalo futhi uhlinzekela ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kodokotela wezilwane, ukunaka okukhethekile ekuvimbeleni izifo kanye ukungenelela ngokushesha uma kwenzeka izigameko ezingase zibe khonaUkusebenzisana nezinhlangano ezikhethekile kanye nezingcweti kuzoba ukhiye wokuqapha nokuhlola ukuvela kwamakoloni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Enye yezingcezu ezimaphakathi zohlelo lukaCoria kuzoba yi ukugunyazwa okusemthethweni kwabahlanganyeliUkuze uthole lesi sigunyazo, esingumuntu siqu futhi esingadluliseki, kuzodingeka ukuthi ugcwalise a Isifundo samahhala semikhuba emihle ekuphathweni kwamakoloni ezinsikaziUkuqeqeshwa kuzohlinzekwa uchwepheshe wangaphandle onolwazi olubonakalayo endleleni ye-TNR (Trap-Neuter-Return). Umkhandlu uzophinde futhi uthole inkontileka yosizo lwezilwane ukuze uqinisekise ukuvala inzalo ngendlela efanele kanye nokuqapha impilo yamakati.
UMkhandlu Wedolobha LaseCoria uyagcizelela ukuthi lezi zinyathelo zizoqinisa ukuzibophezela kwawo ku ukuvikelwa kwezilwane, ubudlelwano bomphakathi kanye nokuphatha ngendlela efanele wamakoloni akhona kumasipala, ahambisana nendlela yokwenza okufanayo neminye imikhandlu yezwe eyithathayo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, umasipala waseMadrid we Izingoma ezintathu ithathe elinye igxathu kunqubomgomo yayo yenhlalakahle yezilwane ne ukuthuthwa kweSikhungo Sokungenela Nokugcinwa Kwezilwane (CICA) endaweni entsha kuCalera Street. Lesi sikhungo, esisebenza ngokukhethekile ngamakati, sidlala indima ebalulekile kumdlalo ukuphathwa kwe-feline labantu kanye nasekucubungulweni kokutholwa, kuncike iminyaka endleleni ye-CER.
I-CICA yasungulwa ngo-2010 njengempendulo elungile ekwandeni kwezilwane ezifuywayo kumasipala futhi, kusukela lapho, yasebenza. amakati angaphezu kuka-2.200Unyaka ngamunye, isikhungo sithola nxazonke Amakhophi we-150, okuzungezile Abayi-100 bavalwa inzalo ngaphambi kokuba bathuthwe noma babuyiselwe emakoloni abo aphethwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusiza ukwamukelwa kwesilinganiso se Amakati angama-50 ngonyaka, inani eliye lakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ngonyaka wezimali odlule, lokhu okulandelayo kwethulwe Izilwane ezingama-61 ezitholakalayo zokutholwafuthi kuze kube manje ngo-2025, okulandelayo sekuvele kurekhodiwe 53 ukutholwaLokhu kukhombisa ukwanda kokuzibandakanya komphakathi. Isikhungo sesibe yi-a imodeli kwabanye omasipala abafuna izinhlelo ezinenhlonipho zokubhekana nokuba khona kwamakoloni ezinsikazi komasipala babo.
Ukuphathwa kwe-CICA kuncike kakhulu ku ukusebenzisana nomakhelwane nezinhlanganoNgenxa yalo mzamo ohlanganyelwe, baye batholakala amakati angaphezu kuka-300 kwabiwa kwezinye Amakoloni alawulwayo angama-50 eTres Cantos. Okwamanje, abahlanganyeli abangaphezu kuka-35 Bagunyazwe ngemisebenzi ehilela ukunakekelwa, ukuqapha, kanye nokuphakelwa kwalezi zilwane ngendlela egadiwe.
Ukuze kube lula ukuhlonzwa kwabo, isikhungo sinikeze laba bantu a ivesti yokuhlonza ebaqaphela njengabasebenzi abagunyaziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela UJanuwari 1 we-2026La mavolontiya azobe esekhavwe ngabakwa I-City Council Volunteer InsuranceLokhu kunikeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuphepha kwezomthetho nokomuntu siqu kulabo ababambisana ekuphathweni kwamakoloni.
Emkhakheni wokutholwa, i-CICA isebenzisana eduze nenhlangano "Felinos 3Cantos"esiza kokubili ekuthwebuleni nasekuqasheni amavolontiya amasha kanye nase ukuqwashisa izakhamizi Mayelana nokuvikelwa kwezilwane. Kusukela kwaqala ukusebenza uMthetho 7/2023, wonke amakati angena esikhungweni kufanele abe ikhonjwe nge-microchipLokhu kuqinisa ukulawula nokulandeleka kwezilwane.
Ikhansela lezempilo yomphakathi, UMario Arancón, wachaza ukuthi amakati atholakalayo ukutholwa ayanikelwa Ikhishwe izikelemu, ihlolelwe i-leukemia kanye ne-immunodeficiency, i-microchiped, enerekhodi lezempilo kanye nokuvala inzalo emboziweNgale ndlela, umkhandlu uqinisekisa ukutholwa okunesibopho, ngokuhambisana nemithethonqubo futhi eyenzelwe inhlalakahle yezilwane nemindeni yazo yesikhathi esizayo.
Ngenhloso yokuletha insizakalo eduze nakakhulu kubantu, i-CICA ivuliwe amaphrofayili ezinkundla zokuxhumana futhi ulungiselele imikhankaso emisha yokuqwashisaIsikhulu sendawo siveza ukuthi lesi sikhungo sesivele si-a ireferensi endaweni kanye nesibonelo esiphathekayo sokuzibophezela kukamasipala ekwenzeni ezempilo yomphakathi kanye nenhlalakahle yezilwanengokunikeza impendulo ephumelelayo ekwandeni kwezinsikazi ezisekelwe ekuhlonipheni nasekuhlalisaneni.
Ngokuhambisanayo, i- UMkhandlu Wesifundazwe we-Huesca uhlele a iseshini yolwazi ehloselwe omasipala base-Alto Aragón ekulawuleni nasekuphathweni kwamakoloni ezinsikazi. Umhlangano obubanjelwe ezikhungweni zeProvincial Nursery, ubuhlanganise abamele umasipala abangamashumi amathathu nabasebenzi bezobuchwepheshe abanentshisekelo yokwazi. vumelanisa izenzo zabo noMthetho Wenhlalakahle Yezilwaneokudinga ukuthi amakati omphakathi ahlonzwe, ahlinzwe, futhi aphathwe ngendlela efanele.
IPhini lesithunywa seNtuthuko, José CebolleroUbe esechaza ukuthi enye yezinhloso kwakuwukuxazulula ukungabaza okuphakanyiswe omasipala, njengoba ukulawulwa kwamakoloni kuyinto ukukhathazeka okuphindaphindiwe emadolobheni amaningi e-Alto Aragón. Emini, kwabelwana ngolwazi lweNursery YesiFundazwe, enezindlu a ikoloni elilawulwayo leshumi nambili lezinsikazi, njengesibonelo esisebenzayo sokuphatha.
I-DPH imemezele ukudalwa kwe isabelo sesabelomali se-120.000 euros okuhloswe ngayo imikhandlu yasekhaya ukwenza lula ukusetshenziswa kwemithethonqubo ngendlela efanele. Yize kusahlelwa imigomo yesiphakamiso seziphakamiso, isikhungo sesifundazwe sikuvezile lokho ukuzibophezela okuqinile ekusekeleni izinhlangano zendawo ekulawuleni ukuziphatha kwamakoloni ezinsikazi.
Iseshini ibiholwa ngu USusana Ara, umongameli wenhlangano evikela izilwane nezitshalo 'Pirineos' e-Jaca, kanye nodokotela wezilwane UMarga MorenoBobabili banesibopho se-Vivero koloni. Usuku lunikeze ithuba lokuphendula imibuzo nokunikeza ... iziqondiso ezisebenzayo ukwenza ngcono ukuhlalisana, ukuphathwa kwezempilo kanye nokuxhumana phakathi komasipala, amavolontiya kanye nezingcweti, kanye nokugqamisa izibopho ezingokomthetho zokuphatha endaweni yamakati omphakathi.
Ukusatshalaliswa kwezivumelwano zamanyuvesi, izinhlelo zikamasipala ze-CES/CER, izinhlelo zamasu kanye nezinsuku zokuqeqesha kukhombisa ukuthi Ukuphathwa kwamakoloni ezinsikazi kuthuthele endaweni emaphakathi kuzinqubomgomo zomphakathi mayelana nenhlalakahle yezilwane eSpain. Amaphrojekthi afana nalawo ase-Jaén, e-Crevillent, e-Coria, e-Tres Cantos noma e-Huesca Provincial Council akhomba imodeli efanayo: ukulawulwa kwenani labantu ngokuvala inzalo, ukusebenzelana eduze nezinhlangano namavolontiya, uxhaso oluthile lwezimali kanye nohlaka olungokomthetho oluvikela kokubili amakati omphakathi nokuhlalisana komakhelwane.
